The first Tuesday of May marks World Asthma Day. In China, the prevalence of asthma among adults has reached 1.24% and continues to rise due to urbanization and lifestyle changes. While wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness are classic symptoms, many overlook a persistent cough as a sign of asthma.
Understanding Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, with symptoms including wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. Less typical forms include cough-variant asthma (persistent dry cough, often at night), occupational asthma, menstrual asthma, and others.
Cough-variant asthma is often misdiagnosed as bronchitis, yet without proper treatment, it may progress to typical asthma. Therefore, prolonged cough or chest discomfort should never be ignored.
Two Keys to Asthma Care: Prevention + Treatment
Prevention – Avoiding Triggers
- Stay warm during seasonal changes, especially in winter and spring.
- Limit exposure to allergens: seafood, pollen, dust mites, smoke, and paint. Keep homes clean and well-ventilated; avoid carpets, pets, and cockroach infestations.
- Consider allergy testing and desensitization therapy if possible.
- For patients with allergic rhinitis, saline nasal rinses help reduce triggers and prevent colds.
Treatment – Control Above All
Effective asthma management requires cooperation between patient and doctor:
- Do not stop medication on your own – even when symptoms ease.
- Do not increase dosage without medical advice – overdosing may cause toxicity.
- Do not self-medicate – safe use requires professional guidance.
Common long-term control medications include inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene receptor antagonists, both proven to reduce airway inflammation and prevent flare-ups.
Mindset Matters
Though chronic, asthma can be well managed. A calm attitude, consistent treatment, and avoidance of triggers allow patients to lead near-normal lives. Emotional health is vital—anxiety and depression can worsen asthma.
Asthma is manageable. With prevention, proper treatment, and a positive outlook, life can be healthy and fulfilling.
